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Definition

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The International Federation of Surveyors defines the function of surveying as follows: A surveyor is a professional person with the academic qualifications and technical expertise to conduct one, or more, of the following activities; to determine, measure and represent land, three-dimensional objects, point-fields and trajectories; to assemble and interpret land and geographically related information, to use that information for the planning and efficient administration of the land, the sea and any structures thereon; and, to conduct research into the above practices and to develop them.
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41)India's Republic Day 2021: Exactly how this year's celebration will change

India Republic Day -- Highlights -For the first time since 1966, there will be no chief guest within the Republic Day Parade. -The parade will be shorter this current year, instead of ending at the Red-colored Fort, it will culminate with National Stadium. -The Mini stry of Information and Biotechnology will depict the 'Vocal intended for Local' initiative of the authorities. India is all set to commemorate its 72nd Republic Time to honour the enactment of the Constitution of China which came into effect on The month of january 26, 1950. Traditionally, the highlight of Republic Time is the iconic parade this showcases India’s military prowess and cultural heritage. But this year, the commemoration is going to be slightly different on account of the outbreak and events in the past year. Here is how Republic Day 2021 will be different: What cha nges have been made for the parade as a result of Covid? For the first time since 1966, there will be no chief invitee in the Rep...
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Techniques

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Surveyors determine the position of objects by measuring angles and distances. The factors that can affect the accuracy of their observations are also measured. They then use this data to create vectors, bearings, coordinates, elevations, areas, volumes, plans and maps. Measurements are often split into horizontal and vertical components to simplify calculation. GPS and astronomic measurements also need measurement of a time component. Distance measurement edit Before EDM (Electronic Distance Measurement) laser devices, distances were measured using a variety of means. These included chains with links of a known length such as a Gunter's chain, or measuring tapes made of steel or invar. To measure horizontal distances, these chains or tapes were pulled taut to reduce sagging and slack. The distance had to be adjusted for heat expansion. Attempts to hold the measuring instrument level would also be made. When measuring up a slope, the surveyor might have to "break" (break ...
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